Introduction

You already learned about the most widespread vector-borne disease in low-resource countries.– malaria, transmitted by mosquitoes. Two other vector-borne diseases of public health importance in low-resource countries. are the subject of this study session: they are caused by different bacteria, but are transmitted by the same vector – the human body louse (plural, lice).

The diseases are louse-borne relapsing fever and louse-borne typhus, which are classified as febrile illnesses because the symptoms always include high fever. In this study session, you will learn about the causes, modes of transmission, symptoms and methods of prevention of these diseases. This will help you to identify patients and quickly refer them to the nearest higher health facility or hospital for specialist treatment. You are also expected to report any cases of these louse-borne diseases, so that coordinated action can be taken to prevent an epidemic from spreading in your community.