Personalistic explanation

Personalistic explanations for the cause of illness are more likely to be part of a traditional method of defining the cause of illness. According to this viewpoint, illness is seen as being due to acts or wishes of other people or supernatural beings and forces (Figure 5.2). Adherents to personalistic belief systems think that the causes and cures of illness are not to be found in the natural or scientific world. Curers usually must use supernatural means to understand what is wrong with their patients in order to return them to health. Examples include that personalistic causes for mental disorders include spirit possession or bewitching.

The way the community perceives or explains the causes of illnesses has a far-reaching effect on influencing people's health-seeking behaviour and their choice of treatment options when deciding between modern or traditional treatment. Individuals or communities who think that illnesses are caused by naturalistic causes are more likely to choose modern treatment and attend for treatment at a hospital or health centre. Those individuals who perceive illnesses as having personalistic causes are more likely to choose traditional treatments such as holy water and go to see a traditional healer or a religious leader. As health educators your responsibilities will be to understand and identify the individual and community-level perceptions towards disease and educate people towards naturalistic explanations of the cause of illnesses, while being aware of their personalistic ideas.