Summary

In this Study Session, you have learned that:

• An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small contraceptive device, often 'T'-shaped, often containing either copper or levonorgestrel, which is inserted into the uterus. The most commonly used IUD in family planning programs is the copper-bearing IUCD.
• The copper IUDs contain no hormones, but the copper ions in the cervical mucus are toxic to sperm and prevent fertilisation.
• The main advantage of IUCDs is that they are a highly effective, long acting, safe and cost-effective contraceptive method, and the client need make only a single decision to use an IUCD, compared with the daily decisions needed to take oral contraceptives
• An IUCD is also a good option for those who have medical precautions in response to hormonal methods, as there are no hormonal side effects with copper-bearing or inert IUCDs. They do not interact with any medicine the client may be taking.
• An IUCD is usually inserted during the menstrual period when the cervix is slightly open, and pregnancy is least likely. There is a greater chance of expulsion if a device is introduced early in the cycle because the uterus can squeeze the device back out.