Summary

In this study session you have learned that:

1. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that takes a systematic approach to help decide what is right or wrong for society as well as for each individual. Utilitarianism considers an action as morally right if its outcomes or consequences are good for the greatest number. Deontology considers duty above the consequences or outcomes of any action and gives priority to respect for fundamental rights, such as the right to truth, privacy and the fulfilling of promises.
2. Confidentiality and truthfulness are fundamental to the work of healthcare workers at every level of the health service. Without working to these basic principles healthcare workers will not gain the respect of their community.
3. Beneficence is about ‘doing good’, for example by providing immunization for babies and children in your community. Nonmaleficence is about ‘doing no harm’, for instance not abandoning your client and making sure all your actions are carefully considered.
4. Justice is the obligation to be fair to all people regardless of their individual characteristics, such as age, gender, religion, ethnicity, culture, economic status or political views.