C-D
Calorific value
Amount of heat released when something is burned (7)
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
Amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidise the organic material in an effluent (4)
Cistern-flush toilet
Toilet with a cistern (tank) containing water used to flush wastes away; requires connection to a piped water supply (5)
Closed questions
Questions with a limited number of possible answers (3)
Combustible
Materials that can be burned (7)
Commercial opportunities
Ways in which private sector organisations could provide products or services on a commercial basis for profit (13)
Commercial waste
Solid waste produced by the commercial sector (retail, education, banking, government, etc.) (1)
Comminutors
Devices that use blades to shred rags, paper, etc. in wastewater at a treatment works (6)
Community-led total sanitation and hygiene (CLTSH)
Method for mobilising communities to completely eliminate open defecation by triggering collective behaviour change and installing and using latrines, and encouraging good hygiene practices (13)
Compact (solid waste)
To reduce the volume occupied by landfilled waste by drivng a tractor or other heavy vehicle over the waste (10)
Compost
Soil-like substance made from decayed organic matter that is used to improve soil (5)
Composting
Aerobic treatment of organic waste to produce a useful soil conditioner (8)
Construction and demolition waste
Solid waste from the demolition of old buildings, roads, etc., and from the construction of new ones (1)
Controlled landfill
Landfill site where measures are taken to reduce environmental pollution (10)
Corrosive
Strongly acidic or alkaline substances that can dissolve many materials and destroy living tissue (10)
Desludging
Removal of sludge from pit latrines and septic tanks (6)
Disaster
Serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses (14)
Disposal (of waste)
Getting rid of waste that cannot be treated in any other way, usually by landfill (8)
Drainfield
System of perforated pipes in trenches to allow the liquid effluent from a septic tank to soak into the ground (6)