Self-Assessment Questions
Now that you have completed this study session, you can assess how well you have achieved its Learning Outcomes by answering these questions.
Complete the gaps in the following table:
| Organisations that directly contribute funds to the Consolidated WASH Account (CWA) at federal level. | |
| Organisations that provide funding for the construction of water supply, sanitation and hygiene facilities, technical assistance, supplies and other support to the OWNP. | |
| collaborating stakeholders | |
| Any organisation working in partnership with national and local government bodies. | |
| civil society organisation | |
| Non-profit organisations that typically ‘seek to influence the policy of governments and international organisations and/or to complement government services such as health and education’. | |
| Departments or agencies of national governments that donate funds to another country. | |
| private sector | The part of a country’s economy that is not run by the government. |
| major stakeholders | Organisations that directly contribute funds to the Consolidated WASH Account (CWA) at federal level. |
| associated stakeholders | Organisations that provide funding for the construction of water supply, sanitation and hygiene facilities, technical assistance, supplies and other support to the OWNP. |
| collaborating stakeholders | Organisations that provide assistance to the OWNP other than construction of WASH facilities. (For example, they may provide training manuals or communication and promotional products.) |
| development partner | Any organisation working in partnership with national and local government bodies. |
| civil society organisation | Organisations that are not commercial, not part of government, and not based on family. |
| non-governmental organisation (NGO) | Non-profit organisations that typically ‘seek to influence the policy of governments and international organisations and/or to complement government services such as health and education’. |
| bilateral donors | Departments or agencies of national governments that donate funds to another country. |
| private sector | The part of a country’s economy that is not run by the government. |
Which ministries and other government departments are responsible for the following in the implementation of OWNP:
- Mainstreaming gender
- Contributing specifically to issues relating to pastoralist communities
- Providing loans to assist water supply and sanitation projects in large towns
- Solid and liquid waste management.
- Directorate of Women, Children and Youth Affairs
- Ministry of Federal Affairs
- Water Resources Development Fund
- Ministry of Urban Development, Housing and Construction.
Briefly describe three ways in which NGOs contribute to achieving OWNP targets.
NGOs contribute in several ways. You may have included NGO-managed projects where the NGO is both funder and manager; by providing funds as an associated stakeholder; by participating in the Joint Technical Review and Multi-Stakeholder Forums, and by being a member of the Water Sector Working Group.
What type of activities are undertaken by the private sector to support the OWNP?
In the WASH sector the tasks undertaken by private sector companies may include such things as designing and engineering new facilities, drilling boreholes, laying pipes, constructing buildings, as well as supplying materials and equipment. Implementation also involves studies and research by different professional associations, private contractors, consultants, suppliers and artisans.
- What are the two main organisations at community level that are stakeholders in OWNP implementation?
- Why is community involvement important in the OWNP?
- The WASH Committee (WASHCO) and Health Development Army (HDA).
- Community ownership and management of the improved WASH facilities is important for enhancing impact and sustainability, and is particularly valuable for empowering disadvantaged groups in the consultation and development processes.