Nutrition - Ethiopia (Full)
Topic outline
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Food, Diet and Nutrition: an Overview
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Maternal and childhood undernutrition
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The global burden of childhood and maternal undernutrition
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Childhood and maternal malnutrition in Ethiopia
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Planning nutritional care and support in your community
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Using nutrients to build tissue
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Nutrients and their Sources
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Micronutrients
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Adding other foods to the staple food
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Nutritional Requirements Throughout the Lifecycle
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Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation
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Nutrition during lactation (breastfeeding)
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Increased need for nutrients
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Nutritional requirements during later years
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Children 1–5 years old
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Infant and Young Child Feeding
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Infant and young child feeding problems in Ethiopia
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Global and national recommendations for child feeding during the first 24 months
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Key messages for optimal breastfeeding practices
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Nutritional
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Benefits of breastfeeding for the mother
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Benefits of breastfeeding for the family
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Benefits of breastfeeding for the community
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Breastfeeding difficulties
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Key messages for optimal complementary feeding practices
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Nutritional assessment
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Length
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Height
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Weight
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Converting measurements to indices
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What is an indicator?
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Measurements of fat-mass (fatness)
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Measuring the MUAC of children
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Checking for bilateral pitting oedema in a child
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Bitot’s spots
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Goitre
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Visible severe wasting
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Dietary methods of assessing nutritional status
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Common Nutritional Problems in Ethiopia
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Types of malnutrition
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Common forms of malnutrition in Ethiopia
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Classification of malnutrition
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Causes of malnutrition
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Intergenerational cycle of malnutrition
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Preventing Micronutrient Problems in Ethiopia
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The importance of micronutrients
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Vitamin A, iodine and iron deficiencies in Ethiopia
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Rationale for action against vitamin A deficiency
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Strategies for the control of vitamin A deficiency
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Administering vitamin A supplements safely using a capsule
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Choking after a vitamin A dose
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Dietary diversification and modification for Vitamin A
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Strategies for the control of Iodine deficiency
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Strategies for the control of iron deficiency anaemia
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Chronic and acute food insecurity
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Causes of household food insecurity
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Use of coping strategies as indictors of food insecurity
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Consequences of household food insecurity
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Food insecurity situations in Ethiopia
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Ethiopian food security strategy
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Selective feeding programmes
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 Managing Acute Malnutrition
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Anthropometric criteria for defining severe and moderate acute malnutrition
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Principles of management of moderate acute malnutrition
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Where there is no supplementary feeding programme
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Where there is a supplementary feeding programme
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Planning for supplies
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Social mobilisation
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Outreach site organisation
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Crowd control
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Managing Severe Acute Malnutrition
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Severe acute malnutrition: deciding patient management
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Management of severe acute malnutrition
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The appetite test
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Interpreting the result of the appetite test
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Ready-to-use therapeutic food
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Routine drugs
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The registration book
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The OTP card
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Monthly reporting
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Assignment of OTP days
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Nutrition Education and Counselling
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Behaviour change communication
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Stages of behaviour change
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The focus of community-based nutrition behaviour change communication
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Integrating the seven ENAs into the six health contacts
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Integrating the seven ENAs into other sectors
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The ‘Triple A’ cycle approach
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Counselling mothers and caregivers on child nutrition
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Nutrition and HIV
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Poor nutrition and HIV: a vicious cycle
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Breaking the cycle of HIV and undernutrition
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Nutritional care of HIV-positive adults and adolescents
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Nutritional care of HIV-positive pregnant and lactating women
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Breastfeeding and HIV
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Counselling mothers who are HIV-positive
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Possible feeding options for an infant born to an HIV-positive mother
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Infant feeding during the first six months of life
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Strategies to decrease transmission of HIV during breastfeeding
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Nutrition Information System
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Nutrition information system (NIS)
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Objectives of the NIS in Ethiopia
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Why Ethiopia has an NIS
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Sources of data for the NIS
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The triple A cycle approach