Communicable Diseases Part 3 - Ethiopia (Full)
Topic outline
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Introduction to HIV/AIDS
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The HIV epidemic in Ethiopia
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The human immune system
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Lymphocytes and the immune response to infection
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HIV infects the CD4 lymphocytes
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Myths about HIV transmission
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Opportunistic Infections and WHO HIV Clinical Staging
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WHO HIV clinical stages in adults and adolescents
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Introduction to Antiretroviral Therapy
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Groups of ARV drugs
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How are antiretroviral drugs combined?
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ARV side-effects and how to manage them
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Adherence to HIV Care and Treatment
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What should you do before a patient starts ART?
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Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling
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Modes of delivering HIV counselling and testing
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The five steps in PITC
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Step 1:How to recommend HIV testing
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Pre-test information and education on HIV/AIDS
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How to obtain informed consent
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Step 3:Obtaining a specimen for HIV testing
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Step 4:How to perform a rapid HIV test
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Performing an HIV test using the KHB rapid test kit
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Performing an HIV test using the STAT-PAK rapid test kit
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Performing an HIV test using the Uni-gold rapid test kit
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Prevention of HIV Infection, and Community Mobilisation
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General principles for preventing HIV infection
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Strategies for preventing sexual transmission of HIV
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Basic steps for community mobilisation
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Universal Precautions, Infection Prevention and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Health Workers
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Preparing to give an injection
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Avoiding needle-stick injuries
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Recapping used needles
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Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
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Transmission of HIV from mother to child
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HIV testing and counselling for PMTCT
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Opt-in approach to HIV testing
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Opt-out approach to HIV testing
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General considerations
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Breastfeeding options for PMTCT
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HIV in Children
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Minimising risk of infection in children
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Early diagnosis of HIV
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Differences in the management of children and adults with HIV
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Providing care for HIV-exposed infants and HIV-infected children
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Providing psychosocial support to children infected with HIV
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Positive Living and Prevention of HIV Transmission for PLHIV
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What is positive living?
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PLHIV should take medication as prescribed
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Providing Palliative Care for People Living with HIV
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Management of pain in PLHIV
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Support for oral hygiene
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Moving a bedridden patient
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Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections
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STI caused by a fungus